Description

Azithromycin Oral Suspension IP is a prescription antibiotic medication commonly used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is part of the macrolide class of antibiotics and is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Active Ingredient:

• Azithromycin

Mechanism of Action:

Azithromycin works by inhibiting the protein synthesis of bacteria. It binds to the bacterial ribosome and prevents the production of proteins that are essential for bacterial growth and reproduction. This action stops the growth of the bacteria and helps the immune system clear the infection.

Indications:

Azithromycin Oral Suspension is commonly prescribed for the following conditions:

• Upper respiratory tract infections:
  • Sinusitis
  • Pharyngitis
  • Tonsillitis
  • Otitis media (middle ear infection)
• Lower respiratory tract infections:
  • Pneumonia
  • Bronchitis
• Skin infections:
  • Impetigo
  • Cellulitis
• Sexually transmitted infections (STIs):
  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea (when used in combination with other antibiotics)
• Genitourinary tract infections
• Prevention and treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection in HIV patients

Dosage and Administration:

• Adults and children: The dosage of Azithromycin Oral Suspension is generally based on body weight and the type of infection being treated.
  • For children, the dose is usually calculated as 10 mg/kg on the first day followed by 5 mg/kg on subsequent days.
  • For adults, a typical dose for uncomplicated infections is 500 mg on the first day, followed by 250 mg for the next 4 days.
• Administration: Shake the suspension well before use. The prescribed dose should be measured using the provided measuring spoon or syringe. It can be taken with or without food.

Side Effects:

Azithromycin is generally well-tolerated, but some individuals may experience side effects, including:

1. Gastrointestinal Issues:
   • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
   • Abdominal pain or discomfort
   • Indigestion
2. Allergic Reactions:
   • Rash, itching
   • Swelling of the face, lips, or throat
   • Difficulty breathing (rare but serious)
3. Liver-related:
   • Jaundice (yellowing of skin or eyes)
   • Elevated liver enzymes (rare)
4. Other:
   • Dizziness or lightheadedness
   • Fatigue or malaise
   • Headache

Precautions:

• Allergy: People who are allergic to azithromycin, other macrolide antibiotics (like erythromycin), or any of its ingredients should avoid using this medication.
• Liver Disease: Azithromycin should be used cautiously in people with liver conditions. A dose adjustment may be necessary.
• Cardiac Arrhythmias: Azithromycin may cause QT prolongation, which can lead to serious heart rhythm issues, especially in patients with pre-existing heart conditions.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Azithromycin is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but it should only be used if prescribed by a healthcare provider. It is also safe to use while breastfeeding, but you should consult a doctor beforehand.
• Kidney Disease: People with severe kidney impairment may require dose adjustments.

Drug Interactions:

Azithromycin may interact with the following:

• Antacids containing magnesium or aluminum: These can reduce the absorption of Azithromycin, so it is recommended to take Azithromycin at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after antacid use.
• Warfarin: Azithromycin can increase the effects of warfarin (a blood thinner), increasing the risk of bleeding.
• Other antibiotics or anti-fungal drugs: Such as clindamycin or rifabutin, which may interact with Azithromycin.
• Digoxin: Azithromycin may increase the levels of digoxin (a heart medication), leading to possible side effects.

Storage:

• Store Azithromycin Oral Suspension at room temperature (between 20°C to 25°C or 68°F to 77°F).
• Keep the bottle tightly closed.
• Shake well before use.
• After opening the bottle, it should typically be used within 5 days (check the package insert for specific instructions).

Important Notes:

• Always take the full prescribed course of Azithromycin, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
• If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but if it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
• Contact your doctor immediately if you experience severe side effects like difficulty breathing, chest pain, or yellowing of the skin.

Summary:

Azithromycin Oral Suspension IP is an antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including respiratory, skin, and sexually transmitted infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and is generally well-tolerated. Like all antibiotics, it should be used as directed by a healthcare professional to prevent antibiotic resistance and minimize side effects. Always complete the full course of treatment and consult your healthcare provider before using this medication, especially if you have liver, kidney, or heart conditions.